Last Parts Terminology

Backpart

from the waist backward

Clip

tapered shape of the comb at the back of the heel, designed to hold the heel into the shoe by fitting over the Achilles tendon and the upper contour of the bulb of the heel

Comb

top of the back of the heel part

Cone

part corresponding to the top of the foot instep

an “Inside Cone”, also known as “Twisted Cone”, curved toward the inside of the foot as it descends from the vent to the forepart

Crown

bottom of the forepart

bespoke crowns are often convex, dipping lower at the tread point and curving up to the featherline

mass-production crowns are often flat

Cuboid

around the heel of the foot, above the featherline

Featherline

line and sharp ridge around the bottom of a last marking the point where the upper will end and the insole will begin

Forepart

part from the waist forward

Plate

steel or other metal plate fixed to the bottom, covering some or all of the bottom of the last below the featherline

provide a hard surface for turning over clinching nails

often have holes drilled in the center of the heel, waist, and forepart, exposing part of the last for tacking on insoles

Socket

AKA: Thimble

cylindrical holes in cones, enabling them to be mounted on lasting posts, and, in the case of hinged lasts, broken for delasting

commonly 9mm or 12mm in internal diameter

Ramp

part of the bottom under the waist, where the last rises from the treadline toward the final heel pitch

Range

general term for a pleasing, continuous shape of the featherline of the forepart of a last

A last is said to “have range” when the featherline around the forepart is smooth and joins pleasingly with the curves of the ramp.

Range has been defined as the harmonious blending of the spring and pitch. It is understood to define the contours of the edges of a last. The range is good when the curves of the edges are in harmony and continuous. The range is broken when these conditions are not satisfied. This does not apply to the profile but only to the bottom. Suppose a person is looking longitudinally along the bottom of a last with the toe pointing to the observer. Then the edges of the forepart along each side should harmonize. Otherwise it is considered “out of range”.
— Beresford Worswick, “The Making of Lasts”, Chapter VII of Boots and Shoes, edited by F.Y. Golding

Recede

part or shape from the featerline at the tip of the toe to the top of the toe box

Shover

piece of leather placed over the cone, extending down to the ball

used for building up lasts, especially comb lasts, or for adapting lasts for other styles to making pull-on shoes

Top Plane

flat part at the top of the heel part of a last above the cuboid and comb and behind any vent

Vent

empty space cut out of a last between the cone and comb, above the hinge of the mechanism

Waist

part between the heel and forepart